MODEL AUXILIARIES

MODEL AUXILIARIES
Auxiliaries (Modals) IS TO, ARE TO, AM TO1. He is to go to market.2.They are to play the match.3. I am to take tea.WAS TO, WERE TO1. She was to wash the clothes.2. We were to pluck the flowers.HAS TO, HAVE TO, HAD TO(obligation)A. 1. Geeta has to wash the clothes daily.2. He has to cook the food daily.3. Ravi and Suresh have to work very hard.B. 1. I had to go to the station.2. Mohan had to take medicine.3. We had to help him.SHALL HAVE TO, WILL HAVE TO1. I shall have to accompany him tomorrow.2. Meena will not have to go to office.3. Shall we have to take the exam again?DO, DOES, DIDPresent Indefinite1. She does take exercise in the morning.2. They do play cricket on Sunday.3. We do read at night.Past Indefinite1. She did steal.2. I did go there.Imperative1. Do meet me tomorrow.2. Do go there.3. Never tell a lie.


MODALS + HAVECOULD HAVEThey could have gone. (but they didn't)MAY HAVERaju may have taken my book. (possibility in present)MUST HAVEThey must have completed their home work. (definite possibility in present)WOULD HAVEIf he had money he would have bought books. (imagination in past - conditional)NEED HAVE1. You need not have waited for him. (You didn't need to wait for him.)2. Need Rita have borrowed money. (Did Rita need to borrow money.)MIGHT HAVEIndia might have won the match. (possibility in past)SHOULD HAVEYou should have gone to office. Posted by wabs 1 comments Labels: Grammar, Modals Use of MODALS Part-3 Some more uses of:SHOULDLest1. Work hard lest you should fail.2. Run fast lest you should miss the bus.MAYPurpose1. He is saving money so that he may (or can) buy a house. 2. She works hard so that she may obtain good marks.USED TOOther uses:1. He is used to (habitual of) taking tea in the morning.2. They were not used to sleeping at noon.3. Children will get used to discipline.4. We got used to the climate of England.5. They will get used to working hard.WOULDSaying something in Present like Future1. Father would be (or may be) in the room.2. He would be sleeping at this time.Preference, LikingI would like to take coffee.Past Habit1. He would go to temple daily.2. She would often listen to music.Would that (I wish)1. Would that I had one crore rupees!2. Would that I were prime minister!(I wish I were prime minister!) Posted by wabs 0 comments Labels: Grammar, Modals Use of MODALS Part-2 USED TOA. Past Habit or happening1. He used to fly kites in childhood.2. Ravi used not to study in our school.3. Used she to go for a walk daily?MAYA. To Give or Take Permission (formal)1. May I go, sir?2. May I take your pen? 3. You may sit here.B. Possibility (no interrogatives)1. It may rain today. 2. He may not go to Nainital.3. May be he is in his room.4. Raju may be with his friends.5. Children may be sleeping.C. Wish1. May God give you success in life!2.May he live happily!WOULDA. Past of WillHe told that he would go to Mumbai.B. Polite request, invitation etc.Would you take tea?NEEDOnly negative and interrogative sentences.1. You need not go with him.2. Need we write a letter?As a verb: We need some money today.DAREOnly negative and interrogative.1. He dare not oppose me.2. Dare she swim across this river?3. How dare you open my letter?As a verb: They didn't dare to enter the room.MIGHTA. Possibility in Past 1. Rajan said that he might go to Mumbai.B. Permission in Past 1. Sita asked the teacher if she might come in.C. Purpose in past1. Sita worked hard so that she might pass in the examination.2. Rajesh saved money so that he might buy a car.OUGHT TOMoral Obligation (Duty, Advice etc.)(old use)1. You ought to obey your parents.2. She ought to fulfill her promise.3. You ought to serve your country. Posted by wabs 0 comments Labels: Grammar, Modals Use of MODALS Part-1 CANA. Ability, Power and Capacity1. Ravi can drive a car. 2. Can you lift this weight?3. He can speak English fluently.4. They can not help at this time.B. To Give or Take Permission (informal)1. Can I take your pen? 2. You can go now.C. Possibility (Mostly used for negative and interrogative sentences)1. This news can not be true.2. He can not come today?3. Can he be angry?COULDA. Ability, Power and Capacaity in Past1. He could drive a car. 2. They could win this competition. 3. He ran as fast as he could.B. Permission/Possibility in Past1. He asked me if he could take my pen.2. He told her that he could not give her his car.C. Use in Present (More polite and hesitant than can)1. Could you give me your pen?2. Could you tell me the way to the railway station ?SHOULDDuty, Advice etc.1. You should meet him tomorrow. 2. Should we attend the function?SHOULD HAVE1. He should have played the match.2. Should they have told a lie?MUSTMust is used to express Duty, Necessity etc.1. You must go to school daily.2. You must work hard if you want to succeed."Be" is used in place of verb or while adding "ing" with a verb. It is a use in present, not future. 1. She must be in the office.2. You must be sixteen.3. Rajat must be sleeping.4. Teacher must be teaching the class.